Hi all,
firstly, please forgive me for the following essay :)
to clear this up:
Switches
--------
Switches have port/MAC mappings in memory.
For dumb switches (with no port 'security' enabled e.g. cisco catalysts port
protection), _ALL_ ports which have the associated MAC address mapped to them
should receive all Layer 2 (and by design all Layer 3) traffic intended for
that MAC address. Some Managed switches support this as a feature; I have seen
said "monitor ports" on both HP and Cisco products. Dumb switches have no way
of knowing what port should have what MAC so they do not discriminate. Managed
switches can sometimes be set to discriminate although this is rarely done in
practice.
Layer 3 traffic is handled by the Operating System's respective networking
stack (Not including IP-based ACLs/Firewalls). This means that the layer 2
traffic is irrelevant in such a situation. If the IP address does not match,
the packet is dropped.
Hubs
----
Hubs have no Port/MAC mappings and instead relay _ALL_ Layer 2 encapsulated
data to _ALL_ ports. Traffic matching the Host's IP address will be accepted.
All other IP's will be dropped by the network adapter. This does not cause any
bizarre Layer 3 networking problems, so we can assume that there are no
conflicts from such situation.
Side Note
---------
To help clear up any misunderstanding, a port stealing attack (MAC flooding)
will cause most switches to fall back to hub mode. this also does not cause any
bizarre networking problems as all respective hosts are still receiving the
correct information; their network stacks will just drop everything which
doesn't match their IP address.
All of this also applies to a WLAN. If DHCP is running on the target network,
it will not lease you a new IP as it would think that you already had one, so
you should set it up manually.
Summary
-------
Duplicate MAC addresses, no problem.
Duplicate IP addresses, problems such as dropped packets, arp floods, etc.
Duplicate MAC addresses, Different IPs, no problem.
Phew, I hope we can now close this subject.
All of this can be tested by setting the same MAC on two cards, putting them
both into _non_-promiscuous mode and loading tcpdump or your sniffer of choice.
Then simply spoof a few layer 2 and layer 3 packets to the relevant hosts.
Netwag is my choice of tool for this.
-----Messaggio originale-----
Da: Lubos Kolouch [mailto:lubos.kolouch@gmail.com]
Inviato: lunedà 21 agosto 2006 10.23
A: pen-test@securityfocus.com
Oggetto: Re: MAC address spoofing - conflict?
Yes, but what will happen then? Data will be sent to that MAC address.
If it is switched network, I can imagine the switch will maybe send it
to the correct port from which the response came?
If there is a hub though, the packet will be delivered to which network
card?
Lubos Kolouch
Cedric Blancher pÃÅe v Ät 17. 08. 2006 v 08:56 +0200:
Le mercredi 16 aoÃt 2006 Ã 10:26 +0200, Lubos Kolouch a Ãcrit :
I think it does matter. Because there will be more than host replying to
ARP broadcasts and the question is what will happen.
Nope it does not matter, because you won't have multiple answers...
ARP asks for an _IP_ address, not a MAC one. Therefore, if MAC addresses
are identical, but IP addresses are different, an ARP request for one
given IP address will get one answer only. In the end, you will end up
with two entries in ARP cache with the same MAC address, but there's not
problem out there.
And if, in case of some wierd and unexplained behaviour (aka awful bug),
both hosts were replying, they would reply with the same MAC address to
the same request, so you would not have problem either.
Le jeudi 17 aoÃt 2006 Ã 01:03 +0000, penetrationtestmail@gmail.com a
Ãcrit :
And if anyone knows the exact answer, that would be most helpful ;)
The exact answer is: you can seamless spoof MAC addresses on WLAN as
long as you use a different IP address than spoofed host, so you don't
have TCP RST problems and stuff like this. Tested in lab and real life
for pentests.
It's a classical technic (among others[1]) for bypassing some cheap, but
still widespread, WLAN captive portal that only track authenticated
clients with their MAC address.
[1] http://sid.rstack.org/pres/0602_ESW_CaptiveBypass.pdf
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