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Default Passwords in the Cisco Application Velocity System
------------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY
Versions of the Cisco Application Velocity System (AVS) prior to software
version AVS 5.1.0 do not prompt users to modify system account passwords
during the initial configuration process. Because there is no requirement
to change these credentials during the initial configuration process, an
attacker may be able to leverage the accounts that have default
credentials, some of which have root privileges, to take full
administrative control of the AVS system.
After upgrading to software version AVS 5.1.0, users will be prompted to
modify these credentials.
Cisco will make free upgrade software available to address this
vulnerability for affected customers. The software upgrade will be
applicable only for the AVS 3120, 3180, and 3180A systems. The workaround
identified in this document describes how to change the passwords in
current releases of software for the AVS 3110.
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) identifier CVE-2008-0029 has
been assigned to this vulnerability.
DETAILS
Vulnerable Products
This vulnerability affects the Cisco AVS 3110, 3120, 3180, and 3180A
Management Station appliances that are running software versions prior to
AVS 5.1.0. Administrators can determine the software version of the AVS
appliances by logging in to the Management Station web-based user
interface or from the command-line interface (CLI) of the appliance
operating system.
Customers who use the AVS 3180 or 3180A Management Station can determine
their node software versions by navigating to the Cluster Information
Page. Each registered node will display the corresponding software version
when the node is selected.
The AVS appliance version can also be determined from the host operating
system by using the Show Version command.
The following example shows Show Version output for an AVS 3120 appliance
that is running version 5.1.0:
velocity>Show Version
****************************************
Cisco Application Velocity System,(AVS)
----------------------------------------
AVS 3120-K9 005.001(000.034)
****************************************
The following example shows Show Version output for an AVS 3180 or 3180A
appliance that is running version 5.1.0:
velocity>Show Version
****************************************
Cisco Application Velocity System,(AVS)
----------------------------------------
AVS 3180-MGMT 005.001(000.034)
****************************************
Details
The Cisco AVS 3110 and 3120 are enterprise data center appliances for
improving web application performance, measuring end-user response time,
and managing application security. The Cisco AVS 3120 enforces application
security with an integrated web application firewall. The Cisco AVS 3180
and 3180A Management Stations provide web-based tools for the
configuration and application performance monitoring for a cluster of AVS
3110s and 3120s or individual nodes.
The Cisco AVS 3110, 3120, 3180, and 3180A Management Stations use some
system accounts that are initially configured with default passwords.
Vulnerable versions of the AVS software do not prompt the administrator to
change the passwords for these accounts, including accounts with root
privileges, during the initial configuration process. Non-vulnerable
versions of AVS software will now prompt administrators to change these
accounts after installation.
Note: If the passwords for the AVS 3110 or 3120 are changed on the device
itself and it has previously been registered with an AVS 3180 or 3180A
Management Station, the node must be re-registered with the Management
Station console. Otherwise, communication between the AVS 3180 or 3180A
Management Station and AVS 3110 or 3120 node will be lost.
For additional details about the AVS node registration process, refer to
the Register Node section of the Cisco AVS User's Guide.
After upgrading the appliance software to version AVS 5.1.0 and logging in
for the first time, the administrator will now be prompted to change the
system account passwords.
The following example shows the new password change prompts and the
subsequent password change dialog for the AVS 3120 after upgrade:
velocity login: fgn
Password:
**WARNING** System wide secrets are in factory default state.
Would you like to change these now? [y/n] y changing root password
enter password:
enter password again:
changing fgn password
enter password:
enter password again:
changing DB password
enter password:
enter password again:
Please wait...The DB password change will take a few minutes.
changing node manager password
enter password:
enter password again:
changing condenser password
enter password:
enter password again:
changing console password
enter password:
enter password again:
The following example shows the new password change prompts and the
subsequent password change dialog for the AVS 3180 and 3180A after
upgrade:
velocity login: fgn
Password:
**WARNING** System wide secrets are in factory default state.
Would you like to change these now? [y/n] y changing root password
enter password:
enter password again:
changing fgn password
enter password:
enter password again:
changing DB password
enter password:
enter password again:
Please wait...The DB password change will take a few minutes.
changing console password
enter password:
enter password again:
This issue is documented in Cisco Bug ID
<http://tools.cisco.com/Support/BugToolKit/search/getBugDetails.do?method=fetchBugDetails&bugId=CSCsd94732>
CSCsd94732 ( registered customers only) .
Impact
Successful exploitation of the vulnerability may result in full
administrative control of the Cisco AVS system or user-level access to the
host operating system.
Software Versions and Fixes
When considering software upgrades, also consult
<http://www.cisco.com/go/psirt> http://www.cisco.com/go/psirt and any
subsequent advisories to determine exposure and a complete upgrade
solution.
In all cases, customers should exercise caution to be certain the devices
to be upgraded contain sufficient memory and that current hardware and
software configurations will continue to be supported properly by the new
release. If the information is not clear, contact the Cisco Technical
Assistance Center (TAC) or your contracted maintenance provider for
assistance.
AVS software version 5.1.0 contains the fix for the vulnerability
described in this document.
AVS software is available for download from the following locations on
cisco.com:
* AVS 3120 5.1.0 ( registered customers only)
* AVS 3180 5.1.0 ( registered customers only)
Workarounds
The following workarounds are applicable only for the AVS 3110 and are
performed on the system shell. The AVS 3110 does not have a CLI. The use
of strong passwords is encouraged.
Changing the Root Password
Complete these steps:
1. Change the root password by using the following command:
shell# passwd
2. Reboot to activate the new settings by using the following command:
shell# reboot
Changing the Management Console Username and Password
Complete these steps:
1. Open the following file in a text editor:
$AVS_HOME/console/jboss-3.0.1_tomcat-4.0.4/server/default/deploy/fgconsole.war/users.properties
Use the line admin=admin to set the username and password. The username
appears before the equal sign (=) and the password appears after the equal
sign (=). For example, to change the username to Cisco and the password to
accelerate, change the admin=admin line to Cisco=accelerate.
2. If you change the username, you must also change this file:
$AVS_HOME/console/jboss-3.0.1_tomcat-4.0.4/server/default/deploy/fgconsole.war/roles.properties
The username is set by the line that contains admin=. The username appears
before the equal sign (=). For example, to change the user name to Cisco,
change the admin= line to Cisco=. Do not change the text after the equal
sign (=) in this file; this field specifies the account privileges. The
username that you enter here must match the one in the users.properties
file in the preceding step.
Changing the Database Username and Password
There are two steps required to change the database password:
1. First change the database password.
2. Then update the Management Console configuration file with the new
database password.
Complete these steps:
1. Log in to the database using the old password, and then use the alter
SQL command to change to the new password.
/usr/local/fineground/console/postgres/bin/psql
-U fineground -p 5432 fgnlog Password : <old password>
Welcome to psql 7.3.4, the PostgreSQL interactive terminal.
Type: \copyright for distribution terms
\h for help with SQL commands
\? for help on internal slash commands
\g or terminate with semicolon to execute query
\q to quit
fgnlog=# alter user fineground password '<new password>'; \q
2. The username and password to access the Management Console database are
set during the Management Console installation process. If you want to
change these later, you can modify an XML configuration file that the
Management Console server reads at start-up.
1. Open the following file in a text editor:
$AVS_HOME/console/jboss-3.0.1_tomcat-4.0.4/server/default/deploy/postgres-service.xml
Look for the following section in this file:
<!--set these only if you want only default logins,
not through JAAS -->
<config-property name="UserName"
type="java.lang.String">fineground</config-property>
<config-property name="Password"
type="java.lang.String">condenser</config-property>
2. To change the username, change the value for the UserName configuration
property (fineground in this example).
3. To change the password, change the value for the Password configuration
property (condenser in this example).
4. Save and close the file.
Changing the Node Manager Password
Complete these steps:
1. Log in as fgn, and then use the su command to switch to the superuser.
2. Stop the Condenser and Node Manager:
/etc/init.d/fgnpn<Tab> stop
Press Tab to have the interface complete the command.
3. Go to the $AVS_HOME/perfnode/node_manager/conf directory.
4. Back up the file named passwords.
5. Change the password with the following command:
$AVS_HOME/perfnode/bin/htpasswd -bcm passwords.new admin
<password>
In the preceding command, passwords.new is the name of the file in which
the passwords are stored. Currently only the user admin is supported.
6. Install the file with the following command:
install -m 400 -o nobody -g nobody passwords.new passwords
7. Restart the appliance with the reboot command.
8. Re-register the node from the Management Console for which the node
manager password was changed.
Changing the Condenser Password
Complete these steps:
1. Log in as fgn, and then use the su command to switch to the superuser.
2. Stop the Condenser and Node Manager:
/etc/init.d/fgnpn<TAB> stop
Press Tab to have the interface complete the command.
3. Go to the $AVS_HOME/perfnode/passwd directory.
4. Backup the file named .htpasswd.
5. Change the password with the following command:
$AVS_HOME/perfnode/bin/htpasswd -bcm passwords.new fineground
<password>
In the preceding command, passwords.new is the name of the file in which
the passwords are stored. Currently only the user fineground is supported.
6. Install the file with the following command:
install -m 400 -o nobody -g nobody passwords.new .htpasswd
7. Restart the appliance with the reboot command.
8. Re-register the node from the Management Console for which the
Condenser password was changed.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
The information has been provided by <mailto:psirt@cisco.com> Cisco
Systems Product Security Incident Response Team.
The original article can be found at:
<http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20080123-avs.shtml#@ID>
http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20080123-avs.shtml#@ID
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